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Fundoscopy in Neurological examination
Jun 1st 23

On fundoscopy the nasal margin is usually more blurred than the temporal margins. Normal optic cup: optic disc ratio is : 01 to 0.5. In patients with glucoma, the ratio is increased. Patient with very ...

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Visual acuity testing in Neurological examination
Jun 1st 23

If acuity of a patient is 20/40 this means that patient has to move to 20 feet to view what a person with normal vision can view at 40 feet. If acuity is 6/12 indicates that the patient has to move to ...

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LOVA in Adult hydrocephalus
Nov 9th 22

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Arrested hydrocephalus
Criteria
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Papille classification in CSF
May 7th 22

The Burstein, Papille et. al classification of germinal matrix haemorrhage was based on cranial ultrasound findings in neonates.The classification has 4 grades.   Grade Ihaemorrhage within the ge ...

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IDH mutation in Oncology
Dec 9th 21

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is an enzyme in the Kreb cycle. IDH mutations are see in brain tumours. The IDH mutations are associated with better prognosis. IDH are seen more in secondary ...

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Hydrocephalus in paediatric posterior fossa tumours in Craniosynostosis
Dec 7th 21

Hydrocephalus is often associated with paediatric posterior fossa tumours. About 75% of patients at the time of presentation have hydrocephalus. Following resection of posterior fossa tumours, 1/3 of ...

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Chiari and tics in Malformations
Sep 7th 21

Chiari I has protean clinical manifestations (1). Tics in patients with Chiari I malformation is very rare; in these cases, it is thought that the Chiari I malformation and the tic are unrelated. ...

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Management of calcified cephalohaematoma in Craniosynostosis
Jul 16th 21

DefinitionCalcified cephalohaematoma is cephalohaematoma that is calcified.Cephalohaematoma is haematology under the periosteum and teh outer table of skull. This occurs following instrumented ...

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Levels of Evidence in Medical Statistics
Jan 16th 21

There are currently several classifications for levels of evidence. The following is a classification cited in the Journal of Neurosurgery (Editorial. JT Rutka).Evidence LevelDescriptionIi) Randomised ...

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Black Brain in Phenomena
Mar 11th 20

DefinitionHemispheric hypodensity (HH) or 'black brain' on CT scan of the head following severe head injury in infants and toddlers.It is characterised by:loss of grey-white differentiation of the ...

Head injury